ELPIDA
ELPIDA was the sole producer of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) in Japan and held the third-largest market share globally. Established in 1999, the company went public on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in 2004. However, the financial crisis of 2008 severely impacted its operations, leading to a swift decline in its financial health. On February 27, 2012, ELPIDA sought bankruptcy protection. On July 2, 2012, it was acquired by the American firm Micron Technology.